John w



(No Model.)

J. W. MAOKNIGI-IT.

ARTIFICIAL PAVEMENT.

Patented Nov. 15, 1887.

INVENTUR WITNESSES N. PUERS, Phalo-Lilhcgmphor. Wmhinglnn, D. 0.

projects forwardly at an obtuse angle.

- UNITED STATES PATENT @rrrca.

JOHN W. MAOKNIGHT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

ARTIFICIAL PAVEMENT.

EiPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 373,295, dated November 15, 1887.

Application filed August 12, 1887. Serial No. 246,756. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J OHN W. MAOKNIGHT, of the city of New York, county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Artificial Pavement, of which the following is a specification. 7'

This invention relates to an artificial pavement of great durability. The upper layer of this pavement, and also the layer next below, are curved downward at the curb, and thus the ordinary flags or curb-stones are dis pensed with. The result is a pavement of superior finish and strength, and one which leaves no seams at the curb.

. The invention consists in the'various features of improvement, more fully pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section of my improved pavement on line as 00, Figs. 3 and 4.. Fig. 2 is a similar section on line y y. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section on the lines 2 2, Fig. 1, and z z, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a bottom view ofpart of the uppermost layer, and Fig. 5 a side viewv of the joist e.

In laying my improved pavement I proceed as iollows: After the ground has been properly leveled a layer of irregularly-broken rocks, a, is placed upon it. These rocks should be preferably packed on edge between coalashes.- Upon the rocks a is placed a layer of coal-ashes, b, which extends to a short distance within the front of layer a. Here the layer 1) is re-enlorced by a front edging of stones, 0, as shown.- Upon the layer 1) there is placed a layer, d, of fiintic concrete,'consisting of one part of ashes, one part of sand, and a suitable quantity of cement. Into this layer there are embedded a number of parallel joists, e 6, extending from the coping or house-line to the curb. At the curb thejoists e have a downward extension or nose, 6, which In this way a number of parallel grooves will be formed in the layer d, extending from houseline to the curb and thence downward at an obtuse angle to the entire depth to which the layer d is laid. This depthis such that layer 1 position and the joists e being removed, the

top layer, f, is put in place. This layer consists of crushed trap-rock and cement, the

55 proportions being three parts of trap-rock to one part of cement. In laying this layerfthe grooves of layer (Z are first filled up with'the plastic material of which layer f is composed,

and then the layerfproper is superposed upon layer dfrom end to end. In this way ribs or tonguesf will be formed on the lower surface of layer f that enter the grooves of the layer (I, and thus securely connect thelayers. These tongues and grooves, connecting one layer of plastic material to another,prevent cracks from forming in the upper layer, and also generally strengthen the entire structure. At the curb the layer f, similar to layer (1, projects downward at an obtuse angle, the upright portion f of such layer covering and concealing the upright portion cl of layer d. In this way a strong curb is formed for the pavement and the ordinary blue stone curbs are entirely dispensed with. As the grooves in layer d extend not only along the horizontal portion, but also along the upright portion (1', theupright portion f of layerfwill likewise be con nected' by tongues and grooves to the upright portion d of layer (1. Thus the curb is materially strengthened and the vertical partf of 80 3. A pavement consisting of a series of lay- 95 ers, of which the upper plastic layer,f, is provided with downwardly projecting ribs f, that areembedded while inaplastic condition into grooves formed in the layer d, next below, substantially as specified.

4.. A pavement consisting of a series of layers, of which the layer d has grooves extending from house-line to the curb and. thence downward,and the uppermost layer, f, has ribs that engage said grooves,substantially as specir0 5 fied.

JOHN W. MAOKNIGHT.

Witnesses:

F. v. BRIESEN, ALFRED J QUGHMANS. 

